Malawi Cichlids - Mix - Mid-size

Overview

Malawi Cichlids are a diverse group of African cichlids from Lake Malawi, known for their vibrant colouration and active, territorial behaviour. Available in many species and colour forms (Peacock, Hap, Mbuna). They require hard, alkaline water and a species-specific setup.

Water Parameters

• Temperature: 24–28°C (75–82°F)
• pH: 7.5–8.5 (strongly alkaline essential)
• Hardness: 15–25 dGH (very hard; need minerals for health)
• Note: African cichlid salt mixes (Cichlid Lake Salt, etc.) recommended to maintain proper parameters

Tank Setup

• Minimum tank size: 200 litres for Mbuna; 300+ litres for Peacocks/Haps
• Substrate: Sand or crushed coral (helps maintain alkaline pH)
• Decor: Rocks, caves, hiding spots; Mbuna need lots of rockwork for territory
• Note: They rearrange substrate and decor — secure everything

Diet

• Base: High-quality African cichlid pellets (Hikari, New Life Spectrum)
• Treats: Frozen bloodworms, brine shrimp, spirulina wafers (Mbuna are herbivorous)
• Note: Mbuna are primarily herbivorous — spirulina-based foods essential; Peacocks/Haps are more omnivorous

Temperament & Tank Mates

• Temperament: Aggressive; territorial — especially Mbuna
• Best companions: Other Malawi cichlids of similar size and temperament
• Avoid: Small fish, peaceful community fish — they will be attacked or eaten
• Note: Overstocking (with proper filtration) helps reduce individual aggression in Mbuna

Breeding

• Difficulty: Easy; they breed readily
• Mbuna: Mouthbrooders — female incubates eggs in her mouth for 3–4 weeks
• Peacocks/Haps: Also mouthbrooders; males are often more colourful

Common Issues

• Aggression is the biggest challenge — proper stocking, territory, and water quality essential
• Mbuna are herbivorous — high-protein foods cause bloat and internal parasites
• Hard, alkaline water is non-negotiable — soft/acidic water causes health issues
• They breed constantly — population control may be needed
• Lifespan: 5–15 years depending on species