Jet Black Angel

Overview

The Freshwater Angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare) is an iconic cichlid with a distinctive laterally compressed, disc-shaped body and elegant trailing fins. Available in many selectively bred colour forms (Koi, Marble, Black, Platinum, etc.). Semi-aggressive; may eat small tank mates.

Water Parameters

• Temperature: 24–30°C (75–86°F); prefers warmth
• pH: 6.0–7.5
• Hardness: 3–12 dGH

Tank Setup

• Minimum tank size: 200 litres (tall tank preferred for their height)
• Substrate: Sand or fine gravel
• Decor: Tall plants (Amazon Sword, Vallisneria), driftwood, open swimming space
• Note: They need vertical space — plan for adult height of 15–20 cm

Diet

• Base: Quality flake, granules, sinking pellets
• Treats: Frozen bloodworms, brine shrimp, mysis shrimp, blanched vegetables
• Frequency: 2 meals daily

Temperament & Tank Mates

• Temperament: Semi-aggressive; territorial when breeding
• Best companions: Larger tetras (Congo, Black Neon), corydoras, gouramis, plecos
• Avoid: Very small fish (neon tetras, guppies) — they will be eaten; slow long-finned fish (bettas)
• Note: They form pair bonds and become aggressive around breeding sites

Breeding

• Difficulty: Easy; they breed readily in warm, soft water
• Process: Lay eggs on broad leaves or flat surfaces; both parents guard eggs and fry
• Fry: Free-swimming after 3–5 days; require infusoria initially

Common Issues

• Will eat small fish — only keep with tank mates too large to fit in their mouth
• Prone to hole-in-the-head disease in poor water quality
• Ich susceptibility; quarantine new fish
• Fin-nipping may occur with other semi-aggressive species
• Lifespan: 10–15 years with excellent care